Article Overview
The largest optical modules currently available are 1.6 Terabit (1.6T) modules, primarily targeting AI-scale data centers and high-performance networking.
Overview of Optical Module Speeds
Optical modules have rapidly evolved from 400G to 800G, and now 1.6T modules are emerging. While 400G modules remain widely deployed for enterprise and cloud workloads due to cost-effectiveness, 800G modules are becoming the standard for AI clusters and high-density data centers because they offer double the bandwidth and 30–40% better power efficiency per bit compared to 400G modules. 1.6T modules are currently in early deployment stages, designed for AI-scale data centers and high-performance fabrics, with new form factors like OSFP-XD and OSFP-224 addressing power, heat, and signal integrity challenges at 224 Gbps per lane (Link-PP) .
Deployment and Manufacturers
- InnoLight Technology is a global leader in optical transceivers, scaling 800G OSFP/QSFP-DD modules for AI GPU clusters and actively working on 1.6T modules for hyperscalers (Wolontek) .
- Zhongji Xuchuang has achieved mass production of 1.6T optical modules and leads in 800G market share, demonstrating early adoption of next-generation high-speed optics (Inf.News) .
- Source Photonics is ramping up production for 1.6T deployment, with 200G EML chips supporting large-scale 1.6T modules, easing supply bottlenecks for North American cloud providers (X.com) .
Key Features of 1.6T Modules
- Bandwidth: 1.6 Terabits per second, the highest commercially available rate.
- Form Factors: OSFP-XD, OSFP-224, designed for high-density AI and hyperscale data centers.
- Technology: Advanced silicon photonics, PAM4 modulation, and co-packaged optics (CPO) for improved power efficiency and reduced fiber count.
- Deployment Status: Early-stage deployment, with pilot and sampling phases in hyperscale AI data centers, expected to expand as production scales (Link-PP, Inf.News) .
Summary
Currently, 1.6T optical modules represent the largest and fastest optical transceivers available, primarily aimed at AI-scale data centers and high-performance networking environments. While 400G and 800G modules dominate mainstream deployments, 1.6T modules are approaching deployable maturity, with several manufacturers actively ramping production and addressing technical challenges such as heat dissipation, power efficiency, and signal integrity. These modules are expected to become more widely available as hyperscale AI and cloud workloads continue to grow.
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